Hong Kong police arrested four people on the 35th anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen crackdown. Among them, an elderly woman was apprehended on suspicion of acting with seditious intention under the city’s new, homegrown security law.

Two men and two women were arrested around Causeway Bay on Tuesday, which marked 35 years since Beijing sent the People’s Liberation Army to put an end to a months-long democracy movement led by students in China.

It is estimated that hundreds, perhaps thousands, died in the military crackdown.

No more vigils Hong Kong used to be one of the few places on Chinese soil where annual vigils were held to commemorate the victims who died in the 1989 crackdown. But police banned the gathering at Causeway Bay’s Victoria Park for the first time in 2020 citing Covid-19 restrictions, and imposed the same ban in the following year.

No official commemoration has been held since the vigil organiser – Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China – disbanded in September 2021.

Causeway Bay on Tuesday saw extensive police presence with uniform and plainclothes officers stationed at nearly every corner. Counter Terrorism Response Unit personnel were on standby outside the SOGO mall, while an armoured vehicle drove along Hennessy Road in the evening.

From late afternoon onward, several people were taken aside or stopped and searched by police.

‘Seditious intention’ Police told HKFP shortly after midnight on Wednesday that a 68-year-old woman had been arrested under the Safeguarding National Security Ordinance, the city’s new security law enacted in March and known locally as Article 23. She allegedly committed “crimes related to seditious intention” by chanting slogans on Yee Wo Street in the afternoon.

Local media cited sources saying the arrestee was activist Alexandra Wong, nicknamed “Grandma Wong,” who was often seen at the 2019 pro-democracy protests.

A 24-year-old man and a 69-year-old woman were said to have “acted suspiciously in public” on Yee Wo Street at night. Police said the man had attacked two officers after the pair was intercepted, and he was later arrested on suspicion of assaulting police. The woman was apprehended for alleged public disorder.

Police also arrested a 23-year-old man in a park in Hing Fat Street for common assault after he allegedly attacked two security guards. HKFP witnessed security guards surround a young man wearing a black shirt in Victoria Park, shielding him from view with five or six umbrellas. The man was heard calling for help, telling HKFP: “[The security guards] said I had a book about Xi Jinping’s governance of China. They said it was against the rules.”

Police said three men and two women, aged between 27 and 88, were taken to police stations for investigation after they allegedly breached the peace. They were all released afterwards.Swiss photographer Marc Progin and a woman were taken aside by police near SOGO at around 8.40 pm on Tuesday before being put into a police vehicle. He told HKFP on Wednesday that police said they were unable to check Progin and a friend’s identification documents while they were surrounded by the press, and thus the pair was escorted into the vehicle.

Progin and his friend were sent to to Wan Chai police headquarters after officers said they could not release them at the scene with “such a mess around.” The duo were interviewed and searched at the police station and were later released at around 11 pm.

On Monday night, artist Sanmu Chan was stopped, questioned and taken away by police in Causeway Bay on the eve of the Tiananmen crackdown anniversary, as he sought to partake in some performance art. He was later released without being arrested.

Separate to the 2020 Beijing-enacted security law, the homegrown Safeguarding National Security Ordinance targets treason, insurrection, sabotage, external interference, sedition, theft of state secrets and espionage. It allows for pre-charge detention of to up to 16 days, and suspects’ access to lawyers may be restricted, with penalties involving up to life in prison. Article 23 was shelved in 2003 amid mass protests, remaining taboo for years. But, on March 23, 2024, it was enacted having been fast-tracked and unanimously approved at the city’s opposition-free legislature.

The law has been criticised by rights NGOs, Western states and the UN as vague, broad and “regressive.” Authorities, however, cited perceived foreign interference and a constitutional duty to “close loopholes” after the 2019 protests and unrest.